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# Hacker Embedded

Master Embedded Systems. Build the Future.

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://hackerembedded.com/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [STM32 DWT Cycle Counter Measure Firmware Performance](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-dwt-cycle-counter-measure-firmware-performance/) - Learn how to use the Arm Cortex-M DWT unit to profile STM32 C functions, DSP algorithms, and AI inference directly in CPU cycles without external hardware.
- [STM32 TinyML Lab 3: Human Activity Recognition Using Accelerometer and Gyroscope](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-tinyml-lab-3-human-activity-recognition-using-accelerometer-and-gyroscope/) - Learn how to build a Human Activity Recognition (HAR) system on STM32 microcontrollers using accelerometer and gyroscope data. Train, optimize, and deploy real-time TinyML models on-device for ultra-low power motion classification.
- [STM32 TinyML Lab 4: Keyword Spotting with Hugging Face and a MEMS Microphone](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-tinyml-lab-4-keyword-spotting-with-hugging-face-and-a-mems-microphone/) - Build an on-device Keyword Spotting (KWS) system on STM32 microcontrollers with MEMS microphones and Hugging Face models. Learn audio sampling, feature extraction, and optimized TinyML deployment for real-time voice recognition.
- [Asymmetric Keys with STM32 and ECDSA](https://hackerembedded.com/asymmetric-keys-with-stm32-and-ecdsa/) - Asymmetric cryptography for embedded systems, with a focus on public/private key pairs, digital signatures, and ECDSA on STM32.
- [How to use printf with Zephyr and STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-use-printf-with-zephyr-and-stm32/) - How to use printf with Zephyr and STM32
- [How to use a push button with Zephyr and STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-use-a-push-button-with-zephyr-and-stm32/) - How to use a push button with Zephyr and STM32
- [How to create your own Zephyr application with STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-create-your-own-zephyr-application-with-stm32/) - How to create your own Zephyr application with STM32
- [STM32: How to use SPI Full-Duplex Master + Slave with Interrupt & DMA](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-spi-full-duplex-master-slave-with-interrupt-dma/) - Learn how to configure STM32 SPI1 in full-duplex master mode and SPI2 as slave, using interrupt for reception and DMA for transmission. Step-by-step HAL example included.
- [Getting Started with Zephyr and STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/getting-started-with-zephyr-and-stm32/) - Getting started with Zephyr and STM32
- [CMAKE Preset and Optimization Levels in VS Code with STM32CubeIDE Extension](https://hackerembedded.com/cmake-preset-and-optimization-levels-in-vs-code-with-stm32cubeide-extension/) - Learn how to change the build CMAKE Preset and optimization in VS Code with STM32CubeIDE extension.
- [How to Debug STM32 in VS Code](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-debug-stm32-in-vs-code/) - Learn how to debug STM32 in VS Code with STM32CubeIDE extension.
- [STM32: How to create a Project with VS Code and STM32CubeIDE extension](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-create-a-project-with-vs-code-and-stm32cubeide-extension/) - Learn how to create a project using VS Code and STM32CubeIDE extension from scratch.
- [Cryptography on STM32 Implementing Secure Embedded Systems with STM32U0](https://hackerembedded.com/cryptography-on-stm32-implementing-secure-embedded-systems-with-stm32u0/) - Cryptography on STM32U0 explained: learn AES-CBC encryption, hashing, MAC, and digital signatures using X-CUBE-CRYPTOLIB to build secure embedded systems.
- [How to Implement the ST Open Bootloader Middleware for STM32 Updates](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-implement-the-st-open-bootloader-middleware-for-stm32-updates/) - Learn to implement the ST Open Bootloader for STM32G071 using stm32-mw-openbl. Master AN3155 UART protocol, Flash programming, and the jump to application code.
- [How to Make the Jump Between a Custom Bootloader and Application](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-make-the-jump-between-a-custom-bootloader-and-application/) - Learn how to make the jump between a custom bootloader and application. Covering the linker script and vector offset change
- [How to implement printf with STM32: Setup for STM32CubeIDE and VS Code](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-implement-printf-with-stm32-setup-for-stm32cubeide-and-vs-code/) - Learn how to enable printf functionality in STM32CubeIDE and VS Code. Use UART to output debug messages for embedded STM32 projects.
- [STM32 Audio Configuring MEMS Microphones with MDF](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-audio-configuring-mems-microphones-with-mdf/) - Learn to interface MEMS microphones with STM32U5 using the MDF peripheral. Discover PDM vs PCM, Sinc filters, and Sound Activity Detection (SAD) configuration.
- [STM32U5 Audio prep for AI: Implementing Real-Time Mel-Spectrograms with CMSIS-DSP](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32u5-audio-prep-for-ai-implementing-real-time-mel-spectrograms-with-cmsis-dsp/) - Learn to implement Audio prep for AI using Mel-spectrograms on STM32U5 using CMSIS-DSP lib, and UART streaming for real-time AI audio feature verification.
- [Baby Steps into TinyML: Your First Embedded AI Project on STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/baby-steps-into-tinyml-your-first-embedded-ai-project-on-stm32/) - Learn TinyML on STM32! Deploy a neural network to predict sine waves using X-CUBE-AI. A beginner's guide to embedded AI deployment on ARM Cortex-M. (154 characters)
- [How to Build a Simple Audio Player with STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-build-a-simple-audio-player-with-stm32/) - Build an audio player with STM32N6-DK and WM8904 & SAI1. Learn to convert MP4 to WAV, manage PCM buffers, and implement DMA-based playback for voice prompts.
- [ESP32: How to control SG90 Servo Motor via WebSocket](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-control-sg90-servo-motor-via-websocket/) - Build a real-time SG90 Servo Motor using the ESP32 and WebSockets. Learn to create a persistent web interface, high-precision 0-180 angle positioning.
- [How to play video STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-play-video-stm32/) - How to play video STM32, convert MP4 to MJPEG AVI for STM32N6 using FFmpeg. Optimize resolution for high-performance MCU media playback.
- [How to do Code Execution in SRAM](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-do-code-execution-in-sram/) - Learn how to execute code from SRAM in STM32 using GCC and STM32CubeIDE. Improve performance, reduce power, and enable concurrent Flash operations effectively.
- [How to implement a STM32 Keyboard USBX](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-implement-a-stm32-keyboard-usbx/) - Learn to use an STM32H5 as a USB HID keyboard with the USBX stack. This guide covers STM32CubeIDE setup, ThreadX configuration, and firmware code. STM32 Keyboard USBX
- [How does the STM32 System Bootloader works](https://hackerembedded.com/how-does-the-stm32-system-bootloader-works/) - Learn STM32 System Bootloader via AN2606. Explore memory mapping, activation patterns, and the AN3155 serial protocol using STM32CubeProgrammer.
- [STM32 FreeRTOS Mutex: Protecting Resources](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-freertos-mutex-protecting-resources/) - Learn how to use STM32 FreeRTOS Mutex to prevent race conditions and manage shared resources between tasks safely
- [STM32 NVIC: Master Interrupt Priorities](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-nvic-master-interrupt-priorities/) - Lean STM32 NVIC interrupt management and how to configure preemption priorities, sub-priorities, and hardware features with practical HAL examples.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-012 Active Buzzer Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-012-active-buzzer-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-012 Active Buzzer Module with Arduino. This module contains an internal oscillator, allowing it to generate a loud, fixed-frequency tone
- [FreeRTOS Semaphore: Synchronization and Resource Management](https://hackerembedded.com/freertos-semaphore-synchronization-and-resource-management/) - Master FreeRTOS semaphores on STM32. Learn the difference between Binary and Counting semaphores, task synchronization, and monitor resources using CubeIDE.
- [FreeRTOS Queues: Master Inter-Task Communication on STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/freertos-queues-master-inter-task-communication-on-stm32/) - Learn how to use FreeRTOS queues on STM32 to send and receive data between tasks safely.
- [FreeRTOS Heap Methods and Tasks STM32 Tutorial](https://hackerembedded.com/freertos-heap-methods-and-tasks-stm32-tutorial/) - Learn how to create FreeRTOS tasks on STM32 and manage memory using different heap allocation methods. Understand task priorities, stacks, and scheduling.
- [TinyML Lab: Simple MLP + PCA for STM32 TinyML Deployment with X-Cube-AI Cloud](https://hackerembedded.com/tinyml-lab-simple-mlp-pca-for-stm32-tinyml-deployment-with-x-cube-ai-cloud/) - Learn PCA dimensionality reduction for STM32 TinyML. Optimize models using Python/scikit-learn & Iris data. Deploy with TFlite & X-Cube-AI.
- [TinyML Lab: Simple MLP for STM32 TinyML Deployment with X-Cube-AI](https://hackerembedded.com/tinyml-lab-simple-mlp-for-stm32-tinyml-deployment-with-x-cube-ai/) - Train and deploy a simple 4-feature MLP for STM32 TinyML with IRIS dataset. Use Python/scikit-learn & Iris data. Deploy with ONNX/TFlite & X-Cube-AI.
- [How to Program External Memories via STM32CubeProgrammer CLI](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-program-external-memories-via-stm32cubeprogrammer-cli/) - Automate STM32 external memory programming. Learn the STM32CubeProgrammer CLI commands External Loader for fast, reliable, and batch firmware deployment.
- [STM32 RDP Regression via firmware](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-rdp-regression-via-firmware/) - Learn how to configure STM32 Read Protection (RDP), verify its effect, and perform regression testing to ensure secure firmware operation.
- [Raspberry Pi Pico: Dual-core Synchronization and Booting M33 and RISC-V cores](https://hackerembedded.com/raspberry-pi-pico-dual-core-synchronization-and-booting-m33-and-risc-v-cores/) - Deep dive into RP2350 bare-metal boot. Implement custom linker scripts to satisfy Secure Bootrom metadata and synchronize M33/RISC-V cores using atomic IPC.
- [STM32: How to use the STM32 Comparator](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-the-stm32-comparator/) - Learn how to configure and use the STM32 Comparator (COMP) peripheral with HAL. Quick guide for analog signal threshold detection, event triggering, and more.
- [TinyML Lab 2: Deploying Human Activity Recognition with X-CUBE-AI](https://hackerembedded.com/tinyml-lab-2-deploying-human-activity-recognition-with-x-cube-ai/) - Master the STM32 X-CUBE-AI compiler. Deploy a CNN model for Human Activity Recognition (HAR) onto the STM32, leaning more about embedded AI.
- [TinyML Lab 1: Deploying Sine Prediction with TensorFlow Lite Micro](https://hackerembedded.com/tinyml-lab-1-deploying-sine-prediction-with-tensorflow-lite-micro/) - Hands-on TinyML deployment guide. Learn model quantization in Python and deploy a sine wave predictor using TensorFlow Lite Micro with Arduino IDE.
- [TinyML & AIoT Introduction: Ecosystems, Workflow, and Tools](https://hackerembedded.com/tinyml-aiot-introduction-ecosystems-workflow-and-tools/) - Understand the basics of TinyML and AIoT. Learn why moving AI to the edge is crucial for IoT and explore the top tools: Edge Impulse, X-CUBE-AI, and CMSIS-NN
- [STM32: How to use RCC Clock Tree & MCO](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-rcc-clock-tree-mco/) - Learn how to configure the STM32 system clock tree and output clocks via MCO (Microcontroller Clock Output) using HAL. Hands-on demonstration included.
- [STM32: How to use RCC and Software Reset](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-rcc-and-software-reset/) - Learn about STM32 reset sources, how the RCC handles resets, and how to trigger a software reset using HAL. Hands-on example included.
- [STM32: How to use Timer Input Capture](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-timer-input-capture/) - Learn how to configure STM32 timers for input capture using HAL. Measure signal frequency, period, and pulse width with hands-on example.
- [STM32: How to use Timer Output Compare](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-timer-output-compare/) - Learn how to configure STM32 timers in Output Compare mode using HAL. Generate precise pulses, delays, and PWM signals with hands-on examples.
- [How to implement scanf() with STM32 Blocking and Non-Blocking Input](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-implement-scanf-with-stm32-blocking-and-non-blocking-input/) - Learn how to implement scanf in STM32 projects using HAL. Handle UART input in blocking and non-blocking modes for real-time applications.
- [STM32: Understanding ADC Oversampling, Averaging, and Noise Reduction](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-understanding-adc-oversampling-averaging-and-noise-reduction/) - Learn how to implement ADC oversampling, averaging, and noise reduction on STM32 using HAL. Step-by-step guide for high-precision analog measurements.
- [STM32: How to implement ADC Interrupts and Multi-Channel Sequencing](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-implement-adc-interrupts-and-multi-channel-sequencing/) - Learn how to configure STM32 ADC with interrupts and multi-channel sequencing using HAL. Step-by-step guide for efficient analog data acquisition and processing.
- [STM32: How to implement ADC Triggered by Timer](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-implement-adc-triggered-by-timer/) - Learn how to trigger STM32 ADC conversions using timers for precise periodic sampling. Step-by-step HAL guide for real-time embedded systems.
- [STM32: How to implement a Closed-Loop DAC and ADC](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-implement-a-closed-loop-dac-and-adc/) - Learn how to implement closed-loop control on STM32 using DAC and ADC with HAL. Step-by-step guide for real-time analog feedback systems.
- [STM32: How to use DAC](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-dac/) - Learn how to configure and use the STM32 DAC with HAL and CubeMX. Step-by-step guide for analog signal generation, waveform output, and peripheral interfacing.
- [STM32: How to use LPUART in STOP Mode Tutorial](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-lpuart-in-stop-mode-tutorial/) - Learn how to use STM32 LPUART (Low-Power UART) in STOP mode with HAL and CubeMX. Step-by-step guide for ultra-low-power serial communication.
- [STM32: How to use the Low Power Modes](https://hackerembedded.com/how-to-use-the-stm32-low-power-modes/) - Learn how to use STM32 low power modes with HAL and CubeMX to reduce energy consumption. Step-by-step guide for Sleep, Stop, and Standby modes in embedded systems.
- [STM32: How to use RTC and Backup Registers Tutorial](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-rtc-and-backup-registers-tutorial/) - Learn how to use the STM32 RTC (Real-Time Clock) and Backup Registers with HAL and CubeMX for timekeeping, alarms, and low-power applications.
- [STM32: How to handle HardFault](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-handle-hardfault/) - Learn how to handle STM32 faults including HardFault, BusFault, UsageFault, and Memory Management Fault using HAL.
- [STM32: How to use Watchdogs IWDG and WWDG](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-watchdogs-iwdg-and-wwdg/) - Learn how to use Independent Watchdog (IWDG) and Window Watchdog (WWDG) on STM32 using CubeMX and HAL. Step-by-step guide to prevent system hang-ups and crashes
- [STM32: FLASH ECC and CRC for STM32 Flash Integrity](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-flash-ecc-and-crc-for-stm32-flash-integrity/) - Learn how to use FLASH ECC and CRC on STM32 to verify the integrity of flash memory data. Used for safe storage of firmware, calibration data, and configuration.
- [STM32: CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) on STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-crc-cyclic-redundancy-check-on-stm32/) - Learn how to use the CRC peripheral on STM32 using CubeMX and HAL drivers. Step-by-step guide to verify data integrity for communication, memory, or sensor data
- [STM32: Internal Temperature Sensor with DMA](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-internal-temperature-sensor-with-dma/) - Learn how to use STM32 DMA to read ADC values, including the internal temperature sensor. One ADC channel will be used to update PWM output.
- [STM32: Interrupt-Driven ADC to PWM Control](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-interrupt-driven-adc-to-pwm-control/) - Learn how to use STM32 timer interrupts to read ADC values and update PWM output. Step-by-step guide for responsive sensor-to-actuator control using HAL.
- [STM32: PWM Control Using ADC](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-pwm-control-using-adc/) - Learn how to use STM32 ADC input to control PWM output using CubeMX and HAL drivers. Step-by-step guide for controlling elements based on analog sensors.
- [STM32: How to use I2C Communication](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-i2c-communication/) - Learn how to configure I2C communication on STM32 using CubeMX and HAL drivers.
- [STM32: How to use SPI Communication](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-spi-communication/) - Learn how to configure SPI communication on STM32 using CubeMX and HAL drivers. Step-by-step guide to use SPI in polling, IT and DMA modes.
- [STM32: How to use ADC on STM32](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-adc-on-stm32/) - Learn how to configure ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) on STM32 using CubeMX and HAL drivers. Step-by-step guide to read analog sensors and channels to display values via UART or LEDs.
- [ESP32: How to create a Keypad Interface and Web Server](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-create-a-keypad-interface-and-web-server/) - This tutorial demonstrates how to interface a standard 4×3 Matrix Keypad with the ESP32 and display the pressed digits on a web page
- [ESP32: How to create a Web Server to control RGB LED](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-create-a-web-server-to-control-rgb-led/) - ESP32 RGB LED control using PWM and Web Server sliders. Set color/brightness remotely via an HTML dashboard.
- [ESP32: How to create an Over-The-Air (OTA) Web Update](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-create-an-over-the-air-ota-web-update/) - ESP32 Over-The-Air (OTA) firmware update guide. Use Update.h and WebServer.h to create a minimal HTML file upload form. Safely flash new firmware (.bin) over Wi-Fi.
- [ESP32: How to use Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Server Communication](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-bluetooth-low-energy-ble-server-communication/) - ESP32 BLE Server. Set up a Bluetooth Low Energy device using the GATT architecture (Services & Characteristics). Enable data exchange with smartphone apps.
- [ESP32: How to create a Web Server to control the KY-019 Relay Module](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-create-a-web-server-to-control-the-ky-019-relay-module/) - ESP32 Web Server controls a KY-019 Relay Module. Create a remote switch dashboard using HTTP GET requests. Master IoT remote control for high-power devices.
- [ESP32: How to create a Web Server to control a 16x2 LCD Display](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-create-a-web-server-to-control-a-16x2-lcd-display/) - ESP32 Web Server controls a 16x2 LCD (HD44780) using 4-bit parallel. Input text via a browser's HTML form to instantly display remote messages on the screen.
- [ESP32: How to create a Web dashboard for the HTS221](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-create-a-web-dashboard-for-the-hts221/) - ESP32 HTS221 Web Dashboard. Interface the HTS221 temp/humidity sensor using I2C. Display live, auto-refreshing sensor readings on a web server.
- [ESP32: How to use Wi-Fi Scan, Select, and Connect Interactive Terminal](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-wi-fi-scan-select-and-connect-interactive-terminal/) - This ESP32 tutorial guides you through creating a dynamic, interactive Wi-Fi setup using the Serial Monitor that allows your ESP32 to scan for nearby networks.
- [ESP32: How to display PNG images from FLASH memory in a WebServer](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-display-png-images-from-flash-memory-in-a-webserver/) - This tutorial explains how to serve a PNG image directly from the ESP32's Flash Memory (specifically, the program memory, not the filesystem) via a web server.
- [ESP32: How to change and set the Wi-Fi MAC Address](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-change-and-set-the-wi-fi-mac-address/) - This tutorial shows how to programmatically retrieve the default Wi-Fi MAC address and how to permanently set a custom, user-defined ESP32 MAC address
- [Raspberry Pi Pico: How to Read a Push Button](https://hackerembedded.com/raspberry-pi-pico-how-to-read-a-push-button/) - Learn how to use GPIO with Raspberry Pi Pico to read a push button
- [ESP32: How to create a Infrared Remote Control Webserver](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-create-a-infrared-remote-control-webserver/) - Build an ESP32 Infrared Remote Webserver using the KY-005 module and the IRremote library. Turn your smartphone into a virtual remote control for any IR device
- [ESP32: How to use the I2C Communication](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-the-i2c-communication/) - Learn how to set up ESP32 I2C communication as a Master. Master SDA/SCL wiring, pull-up resistors, and use the Wire library to find device addresses.
- [ESP32: How to use the Low Power Modes](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-the-low-power-modes/) - ESP32 low power modes to maximize battery life. Learn the difference between Deep Sleep (μA), Light Sleep, and Hibernation, and how to use the RTC for wakeups.
- [ESP32: How to use the EEPROM Library for Flash Storage](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-eeprom-emulation-library-for-flash-storage/) - Learn how to use the Arduino EEPROM library on the ESP32 to emulate non-volatile storage. Master EEPROM.commit(), .put(), and .get() for persistent data (NVS).
- [ESP32: How to use the Flash memory to store data permanently](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-the-flash-memory-to-store-data-permanently/) - Learn how to use ESP32 Flash Memory for persistent data storage. Focus on the Preferences library and the NVS module in the Arduino environment.
- [ESP32: How to change CPU clock speed](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-change-cpu-clock-speed/) - The ESP32 clock speed can be dynamically changed to optimize for either data processing or low-power. This tutorial shows how to switch the CPU clock speed.
- [ESP32: How to use DAC to generate true analog signals](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-dac-to-generate-true-analog-signals/) - This tutorial details the ESP32 dual 8-bit DAC channels and demonstrates their use for generating simple voltage outputs and basic audio signals
- [ESP32: How to use Hall Effect Sensor with the Internal Magnetic Field Sensing](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-hall-effect-sensor-with-the-internal-magnetic-field-sensing/) - Learn how to use the ESP32 microcontroller features a unique built-in Hall Effect Sensor located internally on the silicon chip.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-039 Heartbeat Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-039-heartbeat-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-039 Heartbeat Sensor with Arduino. It measures the change in blood volume under the skin using a technique called PPG.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-040 Rotary Encoder Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-040-rotary-encoder-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-040 Rotary Encoder with Arduino. It converts angular position into digital pulses, allowing for control of menus, volume and more.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-038 Sound Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-038-sound-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-038 Sound Sensor with Arduino. It uses a microphone to detect sound and provides two outputs: one for events and one for sound intensity
- [Arduino: How to use KY-037 High Sensitivity Sound Detection Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-037-high-sensitivity-sound-detection-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-037 High Sensitivity Sound Detection Module with Arduino. This module, an enhanced version of the KY-038, is designed to detect fainter sounds.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-036 Metal Touch Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-036-metal-touch-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-036 Metal Touch Sensor with Arduino. It detects touch by measuring the change in electrical conductivity when a material makes contact.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-035 Analog Hall Magnetic Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-035-analog-hall-magnetic-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-035 Analog Hall Magnetic Sensor with Arduino. This sensor outputs a variable analog voltage proportional to the magnetic field strength.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-034 Automatic Flashing Color LED](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-034-automatic-flashing-color-led/) - Learn how to use the KY-034 Automatic Flashing Color LED with Arduino. It contains an IC that makes the LED cycle through various colors and flash patterns
- [Arduino: How to use KY-033 Line Tracking Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-033-line-tracking-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-033 Line Tracking Sensor with Arduino. This sensor is used for line-following robots, using an IR light source and a phototransistor.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-032 Infrared Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-032-infrared-obstacle-avoidance-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-032 Infrared Obstacle Avoidance Sensor with Arduino. This module is a crucial component in robotics for non-contact object detection.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-031 Knock Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-031-knock-sensor-module/) - Learn how to configure Arduino digital input pins to interface with the KY-031 Knock Sensor Module.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-029 Dual Color LED Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-029-dual-color-led-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-029 Dual Color LED Module with Arduino. This module contains a single component and adjusting the PWM, a third color can be achieved.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-028 Digital Temperature Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-028-digital-temperature-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-028 Digital Temperature Sensor Module with Arduino. It combines an NTC thermistor with a comparator circuit.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-027 Magic Light Cup Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-027-magic-light-cup-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-027 Magic Light Cup Module with Arduino. This unusual module combines a mercury-free tilt switch with a high-brightness LED.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-026 Flame Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-026-flame-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-026 Flame Sensor Module with Arduino. This module is an essential safety component that detects infrared (IR) light emitted by a flame.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-025 Reed Switch Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-025-reed-switch-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-025 Reed Switch with Arduino. It is a dual-output sensor providing digital ON/OFF and a raw analog based on the proximity of a magnet.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-024 Linear Magnetic Hall Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-024-linear-magnetic-hall-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-024 Linear Magnetic Hall Module with Arduino. This module provides both a raw analog voltage (A0) and a digital ON/OFF signal (D0).
- [Arduino: How to use KY-023 Dual Axis Joystick Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-023-dual-axis-joystick-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-023 Dual Axis Joystick with Arduino. This control has: two analog outputs for the X and Y axes and one digital output for the Z-axis.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-022 Infrared Receiver Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-022-infrared-receiver-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-022 Infrared Receiver Module with Arduino. This module detects the pulsed 38kHz IR light signals emitted by standard remote controls.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-021 Mini Magnetic Reed Switch Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-021-mini-magnetic-reed-switch-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-021 Mini Magnetic Reed Switch Module with Arduino. This module contains a magnetically actuated digital switch that closes its internal contacts when a nearby magnetic field is detected.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-020 Tilt Switch Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-020-tilt-switch-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-020 Tilt Switch Module, a module containing a mercury-free conductive ball switch.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-019 5V Relay Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-019-5v-relay-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-019 5V Relay Module with Arduino. A relay is an electrically operated switch that allows an Arduino to control an AC or DC circuit.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-018 Photoresistor](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-018-photoresistor/) - Learn how to read analog input from the KY-018 Photoresistor Module using an Arduino Uno and display the raw light intensity values on the Serial Monitor.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-017 Mercury Tilt Switch Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-017-mercury-tilt-switch-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-017 Mercury Tilt Switch Module. This module contains a glass bulb with a small amount of mercury that changes when tilted.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-016 RGB Full Color LED Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-016-rgb-full-color-led-module/) - Learn how to use Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) with Arduino digital output pins to interface with the KY-016 RGB Full Color LED Module.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-015 Temperature and Humidity Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-015-temperature-and-humidity-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-015 Temperature and Humidity Sensor Module with Arduino. This module typically integrates a DHT11 or similar sensor.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-013 Analog Temperature Sensor](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-013-analog-temperature-sensor/) - Learn how to use the KY-013 Analog Temperature Sensor Module (which uses a Thermistor) with Arduino. This is the first deep dive into Analog usage.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-011 Two-Color LED Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-011-two-color-led-module/) - This tutorial focuses on controlling the KY-011 Two-Color LED Module using Arduino. Learn how to use PWM to achieve color mixing
- [Raspberry Pi Pico: How to Blink an LED](https://hackerembedded.com/raspberry-pi-pico-how-to-blink-an-led/) - Learn how to use GPIO with Raspberry Pi Pico to blink an LED
- [Arduino: How to use KY-009 RGB Full Color LED Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-009-rgb-full-color-led-module/) - Learn how to use Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) with Arduino digital output pins to interface with the KY-009 RGB Full Color LED SMD Module.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-010-photo-interrupter-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-010 Photo Interrupter. This module is a non-contact switch that detects when an opaque object passes between its emitter and detector.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-008 Laser Transmitter Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-008-laser-transmitter-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-008 Laser Transmitter Module with Arduino. This module contains a small laser diode that emits a focused beam of visible red light.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-006 Passive Buzzer Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-006-passive-buzzer-module/) - Learn how to generate sound tones using the KY-006 Passive Buzzer Module with an Arduino Uno. This tutorial introduces the concept of PWM for audio generation.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-005 Infrared Transmitter Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-005-infrared-transmitter-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-005 Infrared Transmitter Module with Arduino to send digital signals via infrared light.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-001 Temperature Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-001-temperature-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-001 Temperature Sensor Module with Arduino.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-002 Vibration Switch Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-002-vibration-switch-module/) - Learn how to configure Arduino digital input pins to interface with the KY-002 Vibration Switch Module.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-003 Hall Magnetic Sensor Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-003-hall-magnetic-sensor-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-003 Hall Magnetic Sensor Module with Arduino. This module utilizes the Hall Effect to detect the presence of a magnetic field.
- [Arduino: How to use KY-004 Key Switch Module](https://hackerembedded.com/arduino-how-to-use-ky-004-key-switch-module/) - Learn how to use the KY-004 Key Switch Module, which is essentially a push button on a breakout board.
- [ESP32: How to use Timers and Timer Interrupts](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-timers-and-timer-interrupts/) - Learn how to use timers and timer interrupt with ESP32
- [ESP32: How to use External Interrupt Pin](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-external-interrupt-pin/) - Learn how to use event and external interrupt pins with ESP32
- [ESP32: How to use PWM](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-pwm/) - Learn how to use PWM with ESP32 to perform duty cycle control
- [ESP32: How to use ADC for Basic Analog Reading](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-adc-for-basic-analog-reading/) - Learn how to use ADC with ESP32 to perform basic analog readings
- [ESP32: How to use GPIO (Inputs/Outputs) Basic Digital Control](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-gpio-inputs-outputs-basic-digital-control/) - Learn how to use GPIO pins, the primary interface between the ESP32 microcontroller and the external world, as Input and Output
- [ESP32: How to use Serial Print and Debugging](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-how-to-use-serial-print-and-debugging-with-serial-communication/) - Learn how to use the ESP32 serial port with printf, which can be used for debugging and communication
- [ESP32: Getting Started with Arduino IDE](https://hackerembedded.com/esp32-getting-started-with-arduino-ide/) - Learn how to use the ESP32 Core with the Arduino IDE. This guide provides an intro to ESP32, compares it to other platforms and development boards.
- [STM32: How to use GPIO Input & Button-Controlled LED](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-gpio-input-button-controlled-led/) - Learn how to configure STM32 GPIO input pins using CubeMX and HAL drivers. Step-by-step tutorial on controlling an LED with a push button and handling debouncing.
- [STM32: How to use UART Communication](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-uart-communication/) - Learn how to configure USART / UART communication on STM32 using CubeMX and HAL drivers. Step-by-step guide to send and receive data with interrupts and DMA.
- [STM32: How to use Timers and PWM](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-timers-and-pwm/) - Learn how to configure STM32 hardware timers using CubeMX and HAL drivers. Step-by-step tutorial for generating periodic interrupts and PWM signals to control LEDs or motors.
- [STM32: How to use GPIO and blink LED](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-gpio-and-blink-led/) - Learn how to create your first STM32 project using STM32CubeMX and HAL drivers. Step-by-step guide to configure GPIO pins and blink an LED using STM32CubeIDE.
- [STM32: How to use External Interrupts (EXTI)](https://hackerembedded.com/stm32-how-to-use-external-interrupts/) - Learn how to use STM32 external interrupts (EXTI) with HAL drivers to handle buttons in real-time. Step-by-step guide for interrupt-driven LED control.

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## Tags

- [GPIO](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/gpio/)
- [external interrupts (EXTI)](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/external-interrupts-exti/)
- [HAL drivers](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/hal-drivers/)
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- [hardware timers](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/hardware-timers/)
- [CubeMX](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/cubemx/)
- [periodic interrupts](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/periodic-interrupts/)
- [PWM signals](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/pwm-signals/)
- [control LEDs](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/control-leds/)
- [control motors](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/control-motors/)
- [UART Communication](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/uart-communication/)
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- [interrupts](https://hackerembedded.com/tag/interrupts/)
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